Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer: Key Tests and Screening Methods
Early and accurate diagnosis of ovarian cancer is crucial for effective treatment. Since symptoms are often vague, doctors use multiple diagnostic methods to detect the disease. A pelvic exam, ultrasound, and CA-125 blood test are commonly used to evaluate ovarian abnormalities. In some cases, CT scans, MRIs, or biopsies may be required for a more precise diagnosis. Regular screenings and awareness of risk factors can help with early detection, improving treatment outcomes.
In this test, the doctor checks general signs of health. Your doctor may press your abdomen to check for tumors or abnormal fluid buildup. A sample of fluid can be taken to check for ovarian cancer cells.
The doctor can inspect the genitals, vagina, uterus, and ovaries for any changes.
In blood tests, the lab may check the level of several substances, including CA-125. CA-125 is an ingredient found on the surface of ovarian cancer cells and on some other normal tissues. This test alone is not enough for a diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
It uses sound waves and creates pictures from the echoes. The picture might show ovarian cancer. There are two types of ultrasounds, one is internal ultrasound, where an ultrasound probe is inserted into the vagina. Another one is external ultrasound, where the probe is put next to your stomach.
It is the removal of tissue or fluid to check for cancer cells. Based on the blood test and ultrasound results, your doctor may suggest surgery to remove tissue and fluid from the pelvis and abdomen. Surgery is usually necessary to diagnose ovarian cancer.
The doctor inserts a light tube called a laparoscope in the abdomen. It may be used to remove a small cyst or early ovarian cancer.
It takes the images of the abdomen, chest, and pelvis and combines them to form a 3D picture to help doctors find the signs of cancer in the body.
It uses radiation that takes images of the inside of the body. It is useful to find out if ovarian cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1. How is the diagnosis of ovarian cancer confirmed?
A. The diagnosis of ovarian cancer is confirmed through imaging tests like ultrasound or CT scans, blood tests such as CA-125, and sometimes a biopsy for accurate results.
Q2. Can ovarian cancer be detected through a routine pelvic exam?
A. A pelvic exam can help detect abnormalities, but it is not always enough for an early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Additional tests like ultrasounds and blood tests are often needed.
Q3. Is there a screening test for ovarian cancer?
A. Currently, no standard screening test exists for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer in asymptomatic women. High-risk individuals may undergo CA-125 tests and transvaginal ultrasounds for early detection.
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Author Bio:
Dr. Yashashree Joshi – MBBS, MD (Philippines)
Dr. Yashashree Joshi, MD, is a globally-trained oncologist with a robust academic background and extensive experience in pioneering cancer treatments. Dedicated to patient-centered care, she continually integrates the latest advancements in oncology to provide her patients with innovative and personalized treatment plans.
Content Medically Reviewed By MedicoExperts Editorial & Clinically Review Board
