Understanding the Different Types of Lung Cancer
Lung cancer is classified into different types based on the characteristics of cancer cells and their growth patterns. The two primary types of lung cancer are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), each with distinct behaviors and treatment approaches. Understanding these types of lung cancer is crucial for accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment planning. While NSCLC is more common and grows at a slower rate, SCLC is aggressive and spreads rapidly. Knowing the differences between these lung cancer types can help patients and caregivers make informed decisions.
What are the Different Types of Lung Cancer?
Lung cancers mainly consist of two broad categories: SCLC and NSCLC. Based on the cellular type, which includes the SCLC and NSCLC, this classification is based on how the tumor cells look when directly observed under the optical microscope.
About 10% to 15% of all lung cancers are SCLC. This type grows faster than any other carcinoma. SCLCs generally spread very rapidly throughout the body invading many organs in return.
One of the most common types of cancer in the lungs is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and approximately 85% of all cases are NSCLC. It can be classified into three major categories according to the type of cells found in the tumor.
Principal subtypes are adeno, squamous cell, and large cell carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma:
Adenocarcinoma begins in cells that normally release substances such as mucus.
Generally, adenocarcinoma occurs near the boundary of the lung and is more likely to be detected before it has spread.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma:
It starts with squamous (Thin, flat scales like fish skin) cells that mostly affect smokers.
Large Cell Carcinoma:
It can occur anywhere in the lungs. It grows fast and spreads making it difficult to handle.
The lung may have other tumors along with the most common forms of this disease.
Lung Carcinoids
Lung carcinoids make up less than 5% of lung tumors. Most of these tumours grow slowly.
Other Lung Tumors
These include Adenoid cystic carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma among others which are different types of cancer that attack people’s lungs.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs):
Q1. What are the main types of lung cancer?
A. The two primary types of lung cancer are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). NSCLC is more common and includes subtypes like adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma, while SCLC is a more aggressive form that spreads quickly.
Q2. How do non-small cell and small cell lung cancer differ?
A. NSCLC grows more slowly and is often detected at an early stage, making it more treatable. In contrast, SCLC is aggressive, spreads rapidly, and is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage.
Q3. Are there any rare types of lung cancer?
A. Yes, in addition to NSCLC and SCLC, rare lung cancers include lung carcinoid tumors, which grow slowly and originate from neuroendocrine cells, and sarcomatoid carcinoma, a rare and aggressive form of NSCLC.
Next in Lung Cancer
Author Bio:
Dr. Yashashree Joshi – MBBS, MD (Philippines)
Dr. Yashashree Joshi, MD, is a globally-trained oncologist with a robust academic background and extensive experience in pioneering cancer treatments. Dedicated to patient-centered care, she continually integrates the latest advancements in oncology to provide her patients with innovative and personalized treatment plans.
Content Medically Reviewed By MedicoExperts Editorial & Clinically Review Board
